So, if an attacker sends a request payload of 64 bytes to a DNS server, they can generate over 3,400 bytes of unwanted traffic to an attack target. Microsoft isn't saying which was used in this case but it did mention DNS. Attacks exploiting DNS can produce 28 to 54 times the original number of bytes. When abused, however, Cloudflare, the web performance and security company, has found 15 bytes of request can cause 750KB of attack traffic - that's a 51,200x amplification! That's bad. It's commonly used by social networks such as Facebook and its creator LiveJournal as an in-memory key-value store for small chunks of arbitrary data. Memcached is an open-source, high-performance, distributed, object-caching system. Such common internet protocols as DNS, NTP, memcached, CharGen, or QOTD can all be turned into network DDoS attack dogs. How big the amplification can get depends on the attack protocol being abused. The middleman machine helps strengthen the attack by generating network traffic that is several times larger than the request packet, thus amplifying the attack traffic. The server is tricked into sending its UDP response packets to the targeted victim IP rather than back to the attacker. The UDP packet contains the spoofed source IP and is sent by the attacker to a middleman server. This relies on the UDP request packet's source Internet Protocol (IP) being spoofed, i.e. It looks as if the attack is being reflected back and forth within the local network, hence the name. That means the attackers can create a valid UDP request packet listing the attack target's IP address as the UDP source IP address. In a UDP reflection attack, the attacker exploits the fact that UDP is a stateless protocol. In total, Microsoft saw three main peaks, the first at 2.4 Tbps, the second at 0.55 Tbps, and the third at 1.7 Tbps. Each of these bursts ramped up in seconds to terabit volumes. The attack lasted over 10 minutes with very short-lived bursts. The attack vector was a User Datagram Protocol (UDP) reflection attack. It was orchestrated from multiple Asia-Pacific countries such as Malaysia, Vietnam, Taiwan, Japan, and China, and from the United States. The attack itself came from over 70,000 sources.
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Microsoft Patch Tuesday: 55 bugs squashed, two under active exploit.
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